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How are bearings assembled
Release time:
2025-03-28 09:04
Insulation protection: For bearings with an insulated design on the outer ring, attention should be paid to protecting insulation during installation to prevent the oil film from being broken down by the shaft voltage.
The assembly of bearings is a precise and technical process that involves multiple steps and precautions. The following are the main methods and steps for bearing assembly:
1. Cleaning and drying
Cleaning: First, you need to clean the bearings to remove anti-rust oil and other impurities. It can be soaked with volatile solvents such as refined kerosene and naphthol and manually rotated to clean, and then further cleaned with gasoline or ethanol.
Dry: After cleaning, make sure the bearing is completely dry and there is no moisture residue. Drying can be done using warm air or constant temperature tanks, especially when lubricating with grease, drying is particularly important.
2. Lubrication
Encapsulation grease: After drying, encapsulate grease immediately. For ball bearings, you can use a syringe to evenly apply grease to the inner ring rolling surface; for roller bearings, you need to rotate the roller with your fingertips to make the grease penetrate into the inner or outer ring.
3. Installation method
There are mainly the following methods for installing bearings:
Hammering method: It is suitable for small and medium-sized bearings, especially when the inner ring is tightly fitted and the outer ring is loosely fitted. Use copper rods and hand hammers to evenly hit the end surface of the bearing inner ring to avoid installation of oblique or cracking bearings.
Sleeve installation method: Similar to the hammering method, but use the sleeve to press on the bearing end surface to ensure even pressure distribution. The sleeves should be made of soft metals, such as copper or mild steel pipes.
Press pressing method: suitable for interference fit bearings. The installation pressure should be directly applied to the end surface of the bearing ring to avoid compression damage on the bearing working surface.
Heating installation method: For bearings with large interference or large-sized bearings, the principle of thermal expansion and contraction can be used to heat the bearings to 80℃-90℃ before installation. Pay attention to temperature control to avoid annealing of bearing rings and rolling elements.
4. Trial operation
Trial operation: After installation is completed, conduct trial operation to ensure the normal operation of the bearing. For oil and gas or oil mist lubrication, it is recommended to keep it at a speed of 2000-3000 rpm for 30 minutes; for grease lubrication, the speed should be gradually increased to ensure the temperature is stable.
5. Fixation and inspection
Fixing the inner ring: When installing and fixing the bearings on the spindle, usually tighten with a trapezoid sleeve or precision bearing nut on the inner ring side, and tighten the front cover with bolts on the outer ring side.
Inspection: After installation, the accuracy and perpendicularity of the bearings must be checked to ensure that the bearings and shafts are in good coordination and avoid reverse or oblique installation.
Things to note
Avoid foreign objects entering: During the installation process, avoid foreign objects entering the bearing, affecting its performance.
Control oil quantity: Control the amount of oil in the bearing and bearing chamber to avoid slipping or poor lubrication of the rolling element.
Insulation protection: For bearings with an insulated design on the outer ring, attention should be paid to protecting insulation during installation to prevent the oil film from being broken down by the shaft voltage.
Through the above steps and methods, the correct installation and long-term stable operation of the bearing can be ensured.
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